What Is a Migraine?

A migraine is a neurological condition characterised by intense, debilitating headaches — often accompanied by nausea, vomiting, and extreme sensitivity to light and sound. Unlike a regular tension headache, migraines can last anywhere from 4 to 72 hours and may be preceded by visual disturbances called an "aura."

Common Triggers

  • Hormonal changes (especially in women)
  • Stress and anxiety
  • Certain foods and additives (chocolate, aged cheese, MSG)
  • Disrupted sleep patterns
  • Bright lights or loud sounds
  • Weather or barometric pressure changes

Types of Migraine

Migraine Without Aura

The most common form — a pulsating headache usually on one side of the head, aggravated by physical activity.

Migraine With Aura

Preceded by sensory disturbances: visual zig-zag patterns, blind spots, tingling in the hands or face, or temporary speech difficulty.

When to See a Doctor

See a healthcare provider if your headaches are frequent, very severe, or worsening over time. A sudden "thunderclap" headache — the worst headache of your life — requires immediate emergency evaluation.